Signatures of adaptation to obligate biotrophy in the Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis genome.
Identifieur interne : 001836 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001835; suivant : 001837Signatures of adaptation to obligate biotrophy in the Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis genome.
Auteurs : Laura Baxter [Royaume-Uni] ; Sucheta Tripathy [États-Unis] ; Naveed Ishaque [Royaume-Uni] ; Nico Boot [Pays-Bas] ; Adriana Cabral [Pays-Bas] ; Eric Kemen [Royaume-Uni] ; Marco Thines [Royaume-Uni, Allemagne] ; Audrey Ah-Fong [États-Unis] ; Ryan Anderson [États-Unis] ; Wole Badejoko [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter Bittner-Eddy [Royaume-Uni] ; Jeffrey L. Boore [États-Unis] ; Marcus C. Chibucos [États-Unis] ; Mary Coates [Royaume-Uni] ; Paramvir Dehal [États-Unis] ; Kim Delehaunty [États-Unis] ; Suomeng Dong [Canada, République populaire de Chine] ; Polly Downton [Royaume-Uni] ; Bernard Dumas [France] ; Georgina Fabro [Royaume-Uni] ; Catrina Fronick [États-Unis] ; Susan I. Fuerstenberg [États-Unis] ; Lucinda Fulton [États-Unis] ; Elodie Gaulin [France] ; Francine Govers [Pays-Bas] ; Linda Hughes [Royaume-Uni] ; Sean Humphray [Royaume-Uni] ; Rays H Y. Jiang [Pays-Bas, États-Unis] ; Howard Judelson [États-Unis] ; Sophien Kamoun [Royaume-Uni] ; Kim Kyung [États-Unis] ; Harold Meijer [Pays-Bas] ; Patrick Minx [États-Unis] ; Paul Morris [États-Unis] ; Joanne Nelson [États-Unis] ; Vipa Phuntumart [États-Unis] ; Dinah Qutob [Canada] ; Anne Rehmany [Royaume-Uni] ; Alejandra Rougon-Cardoso [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter Ryden [Royaume-Uni] ; Trudy Torto-Alalibo [États-Unis] ; David Studholme [Royaume-Uni] ; Yuanchao Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Joe Win [Royaume-Uni] ; Jo Wood [Royaume-Uni] ; Sandra W. Clifton [États-Unis] ; Jane Rogers [Royaume-Uni] ; Guido Van Den Ackerveken [Allemagne] ; Jonathan D G. Jones [Royaume-Uni] ; John M. Mcdowell [États-Unis] ; Jim Beynon [Royaume-Uni] ; Brett M. Tyler [États-Unis]Source :
- Science (New York, N.Y.) [ 1095-9203 ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adaptation physiologique (MeSH), Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH), Arabidopsis (parasitologie), Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH), Dosage génique (MeSH), Enzymes (génétique), Facteurs de virulence (génétique), Gènes (MeSH), Génome (MeSH), Interactions hôte-pathogène (MeSH), Maladies des plantes (parasitologie), Oomycetes (croissance et développement), Oomycetes (génétique), Oomycetes (pathogénicité), Oomycetes (physiologie), Phytophthora (génétique), Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple (MeSH), Protéines (génétique), Spores (physiologie), Synténie (MeSH), Sélection génétique (MeSH), Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH), Voies et réseaux métaboliques (génétique), Évolution moléculaire (MeSH).
- MESH :
- croissance et développement : Oomycetes.
- génétique : Enzymes, Facteurs de virulence, Oomycetes, Phytophthora, Protéines, Voies et réseaux métaboliques.
- parasitologie : Arabidopsis, Maladies des plantes.
- pathogénicité : Oomycetes.
- physiologie : Oomycetes, Spores.
- Adaptation physiologique, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Données de séquences moléculaires, Dosage génique, Gènes, Génome, Interactions hôte-pathogène, Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple, Synténie, Sélection génétique, Séquence d'acides aminés, Évolution moléculaire.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaptation, Physiological (MeSH), Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH), Arabidopsis (parasitology), Enzymes (genetics), Evolution, Molecular (MeSH), Gene Dosage (MeSH), Genes (MeSH), Genome (MeSH), Host-Pathogen Interactions (MeSH), Metabolic Networks and Pathways (genetics), Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH), Oomycetes (genetics), Oomycetes (growth & development), Oomycetes (pathogenicity), Oomycetes (physiology), Phytophthora (genetics), Plant Diseases (parasitology), Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (MeSH), Proteins (genetics), Selection, Genetic (MeSH), Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH), Spores (physiology), Synteny (MeSH), Virulence Factors (genetics).
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : Enzymes, Proteins, Virulence Factors.
- genetics : Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Oomycetes, Phytophthora.
- growth & development : Oomycetes.
- parasitology : Arabidopsis, Plant Diseases.
- pathogenicity : Oomycetes.
- physiology : Oomycetes, Spores.
- Adaptation, Physiological, Amino Acid Sequence, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Dosage, Genes, Genome, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Selection, Genetic, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Synteny.
Abstract
Many oomycete and fungal plant pathogens are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissue and cannot grow apart from their hosts. Although these pathogens cause substantial crop losses, little is known about the molecular basis or evolution of obligate biotrophy. Here, we report the genome sequence of the oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa), an obligate biotroph and natural pathogen of Arabidopsis thaliana. In comparison with genomes of related, hemibiotrophic Phytophthora species, the Hpa genome exhibits dramatic reductions in genes encoding (i) RXLR effectors and other secreted pathogenicity proteins, (ii) enzymes for assimilation of inorganic nitrogen and sulfur, and (iii) proteins associated with zoospore formation and motility. These attributes comprise a genomic signature of evolution toward obligate biotrophy.
DOI: 10.1126/science.1195203
PubMed: 21148394
PubMed Central: PMC3971456
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Canada, France, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- Californie, District de Darmstadt, Gueldre (province), Hesse (Land), Massachusetts, Midi-Pyrénées, Missouri (État), Occitanie (région administrative), Virginie
- Berkeley (Californie), Castanet-Tolosan, Francfort-sur-le-Main, Saint-Louis (Missouri), Wageningue
- Université de Wageningue, École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>6700 AB Wageningen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cabral, Adriana" sort="Cabral, Adriana" uniqKey="Cabral A" first="Adriana" last="Cabral">Adriana Cabral</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. 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Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, Suomeng" sort="Dong, Suomeng" uniqKey="Dong S" first="Suomeng" last="Dong">Suomeng Dong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>N5V 4T3</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Downton, Polly" sort="Downton, Polly" uniqKey="Downton P" first="Polly" last="Downton">Polly Downton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dumas, Bernard" sort="Dumas, Bernard" uniqKey="Dumas B" first="Bernard" last="Dumas">Bernard Dumas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fabro, Georgina" sort="Fabro, Georgina" uniqKey="Fabro G" first="Georgina" last="Fabro">Georgina Fabro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fronick, Catrina" sort="Fronick, Catrina" uniqKey="Fronick C" first="Catrina" last="Fronick">Catrina Fronick</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fuerstenberg, Susan I" sort="Fuerstenberg, Susan I" uniqKey="Fuerstenberg S" first="Susan I" last="Fuerstenberg">Susan I. Fuerstenberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Berkeley (Californie)</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fulton, Lucinda" sort="Fulton, Lucinda" uniqKey="Fulton L" first="Lucinda" last="Fulton">Lucinda Fulton</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gaulin, Elodie" sort="Gaulin, Elodie" uniqKey="Gaulin E" first="Elodie" last="Gaulin">Elodie Gaulin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Govers, Francine" sort="Govers, Francine" uniqKey="Govers F" first="Francine" last="Govers">Francine Govers</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hughes, Linda" sort="Hughes, Linda" uniqKey="Hughes L" first="Linda" last="Hughes">Linda Hughes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Humphray, Sean" sort="Humphray, Sean" uniqKey="Humphray S" first="Sean" last="Humphray">Sean Humphray</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Rays H Y" sort="Jiang, Rays H Y" uniqKey="Jiang R" first="Rays H Y" last="Jiang">Rays H Y. Jiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141-2023, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141-2023</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Judelson, Howard" sort="Judelson, Howard" uniqKey="Judelson H" first="Howard" last="Judelson">Howard Judelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamoun, Sophien" sort="Kamoun, Sophien" uniqKey="Kamoun S" first="Sophien" last="Kamoun">Sophien Kamoun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kyung, Kim" sort="Kyung, Kim" uniqKey="Kyung K" first="Kim" last="Kyung">Kim Kyung</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, Harold" sort="Meijer, Harold" uniqKey="Meijer H" first="Harold" last="Meijer">Harold Meijer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Minx, Patrick" sort="Minx, Patrick" uniqKey="Minx P" first="Patrick" last="Minx">Patrick Minx</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Paul" sort="Morris, Paul" uniqKey="Morris P" first="Paul" last="Morris">Paul Morris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Joanne" sort="Nelson, Joanne" uniqKey="Nelson J" first="Joanne" last="Nelson">Joanne Nelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Phuntumart, Vipa" sort="Phuntumart, Vipa" uniqKey="Phuntumart V" first="Vipa" last="Phuntumart">Vipa Phuntumart</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qutob, Dinah" sort="Qutob, Dinah" uniqKey="Qutob D" first="Dinah" last="Qutob">Dinah Qutob</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>N5V 4T3</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rehmany, Anne" sort="Rehmany, Anne" uniqKey="Rehmany A" first="Anne" last="Rehmany">Anne Rehmany</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rougon Cardoso, Alejandra" sort="Rougon Cardoso, Alejandra" uniqKey="Rougon Cardoso A" first="Alejandra" last="Rougon-Cardoso">Alejandra Rougon-Cardoso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryden, Peter" sort="Ryden, Peter" uniqKey="Ryden P" first="Peter" last="Ryden">Peter Ryden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torto Alalibo, Trudy" sort="Torto Alalibo, Trudy" uniqKey="Torto Alalibo T" first="Trudy" last="Torto-Alalibo">Trudy Torto-Alalibo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Studholme, David" sort="Studholme, David" uniqKey="Studholme D" first="David" last="Studholme">David Studholme</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yuanchao" sort="Wang, Yuanchao" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yuanchao" last="Wang">Yuanchao Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Win, Joe" sort="Win, Joe" uniqKey="Win J" first="Joe" last="Win">Joe Win</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Jo" sort="Wood, Jo" uniqKey="Wood J" first="Jo" last="Wood">Jo Wood</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clifton, Sandra W" sort="Clifton, Sandra W" uniqKey="Clifton S" first="Sandra W" last="Clifton">Sandra W. Clifton</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rogers, Jane" sort="Rogers, Jane" uniqKey="Rogers J" first="Jane" last="Rogers">Jane Rogers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Ackerveken, Guido" sort="Van Den Ackerveken, Guido" uniqKey="Van Den Ackerveken G" first="Guido" last="Van Den Ackerveken">Guido Van Den Ackerveken</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main)</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region><settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Jonathan D G" sort="Jones, Jonathan D G" uniqKey="Jones J" first="Jonathan D G" last="Jones">Jonathan D G. Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdowell, John M" sort="Mcdowell, John M" uniqKey="Mcdowell J" first="John M" last="Mcdowell">John M. Mcdowell</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beynon, Jim" sort="Beynon, Jim" uniqKey="Beynon J" first="Jim" last="Beynon">Jim Beynon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyler, Brett M" sort="Tyler, Brett M" uniqKey="Tyler B" first="Brett M" last="Tyler">Brett M. Tyler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:21148394</idno><idno type="pmid">21148394</idno><idno type="doi">10.1126/science.1195203</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC3971456</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001785</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001785</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001785</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001785</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001785</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Signatures of adaptation to obligate biotrophy in the Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis genome.</title><author><name sortKey="Baxter, Laura" sort="Baxter, Laura" uniqKey="Baxter L" first="Laura" last="Baxter">Laura Baxter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tripathy, Sucheta" sort="Tripathy, Sucheta" uniqKey="Tripathy S" first="Sucheta" last="Tripathy">Sucheta Tripathy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishaque, Naveed" sort="Ishaque, Naveed" uniqKey="Ishaque N" first="Naveed" last="Ishaque">Naveed Ishaque</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boot, Nico" sort="Boot, Nico" uniqKey="Boot N" first="Nico" last="Boot">Nico Boot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>6700 AB Wageningen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cabral, Adriana" sort="Cabral, Adriana" uniqKey="Cabral A" first="Adriana" last="Cabral">Adriana Cabral</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>6700 AB Wageningen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kemen, Eric" sort="Kemen, Eric" uniqKey="Kemen E" first="Eric" last="Kemen">Eric Kemen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thines, Marco" sort="Thines, Marco" uniqKey="Thines M" first="Marco" last="Thines">Marco Thines</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt (Main)</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region><settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main)</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region><settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ah Fong, Audrey" sort="Ah Fong, Audrey" uniqKey="Ah Fong A" first="Audrey" last="Ah-Fong">Audrey Ah-Fong</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Ryan" sort="Anderson, Ryan" uniqKey="Anderson R" first="Ryan" last="Anderson">Ryan Anderson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Badejoko, Wole" sort="Badejoko, Wole" uniqKey="Badejoko W" first="Wole" last="Badejoko">Wole Badejoko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bittner Eddy, Peter" sort="Bittner Eddy, Peter" uniqKey="Bittner Eddy P" first="Peter" last="Bittner-Eddy">Peter Bittner-Eddy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boore, Jeffrey L" sort="Boore, Jeffrey L" uniqKey="Boore J" first="Jeffrey L" last="Boore">Jeffrey L. Boore</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Berkeley (Californie)</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chibucos, Marcus C" sort="Chibucos, Marcus C" uniqKey="Chibucos M" first="Marcus C" last="Chibucos">Marcus C. Chibucos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coates, Mary" sort="Coates, Mary" uniqKey="Coates M" first="Mary" last="Coates">Mary Coates</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dehal, Paramvir" sort="Dehal, Paramvir" uniqKey="Dehal P" first="Paramvir" last="Dehal">Paramvir Dehal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA, 94720</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delehaunty, Kim" sort="Delehaunty, Kim" uniqKey="Delehaunty K" first="Kim" last="Delehaunty">Kim Delehaunty</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, Suomeng" sort="Dong, Suomeng" uniqKey="Dong S" first="Suomeng" last="Dong">Suomeng Dong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>N5V 4T3</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Downton, Polly" sort="Downton, Polly" uniqKey="Downton P" first="Polly" last="Downton">Polly Downton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dumas, Bernard" sort="Dumas, Bernard" uniqKey="Dumas B" first="Bernard" last="Dumas">Bernard Dumas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fabro, Georgina" sort="Fabro, Georgina" uniqKey="Fabro G" first="Georgina" last="Fabro">Georgina Fabro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fronick, Catrina" sort="Fronick, Catrina" uniqKey="Fronick C" first="Catrina" last="Fronick">Catrina Fronick</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fuerstenberg, Susan I" sort="Fuerstenberg, Susan I" uniqKey="Fuerstenberg S" first="Susan I" last="Fuerstenberg">Susan I. Fuerstenberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Berkeley (Californie)</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fulton, Lucinda" sort="Fulton, Lucinda" uniqKey="Fulton L" first="Lucinda" last="Fulton">Lucinda Fulton</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gaulin, Elodie" sort="Gaulin, Elodie" uniqKey="Gaulin E" first="Elodie" last="Gaulin">Elodie Gaulin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Castanet-Tolosan</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Govers, Francine" sort="Govers, Francine" uniqKey="Govers F" first="Francine" last="Govers">Francine Govers</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hughes, Linda" sort="Hughes, Linda" uniqKey="Hughes L" first="Linda" last="Hughes">Linda Hughes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Humphray, Sean" sort="Humphray, Sean" uniqKey="Humphray S" first="Sean" last="Humphray">Sean Humphray</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Rays H Y" sort="Jiang, Rays H Y" uniqKey="Jiang R" first="Rays H Y" last="Jiang">Rays H Y. Jiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141-2023, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141-2023</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Judelson, Howard" sort="Judelson, Howard" uniqKey="Judelson H" first="Howard" last="Judelson">Howard Judelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamoun, Sophien" sort="Kamoun, Sophien" uniqKey="Kamoun S" first="Sophien" last="Kamoun">Sophien Kamoun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kyung, Kim" sort="Kyung, Kim" uniqKey="Kyung K" first="Kim" last="Kyung">Kim Kyung</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, Harold" sort="Meijer, Harold" uniqKey="Meijer H" first="Harold" last="Meijer">Harold Meijer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Minx, Patrick" sort="Minx, Patrick" uniqKey="Minx P" first="Patrick" last="Minx">Patrick Minx</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Paul" sort="Morris, Paul" uniqKey="Morris P" first="Paul" last="Morris">Paul Morris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Joanne" sort="Nelson, Joanne" uniqKey="Nelson J" first="Joanne" last="Nelson">Joanne Nelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Phuntumart, Vipa" sort="Phuntumart, Vipa" uniqKey="Phuntumart V" first="Vipa" last="Phuntumart">Vipa Phuntumart</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ohio 43403-0212</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qutob, Dinah" sort="Qutob, Dinah" uniqKey="Qutob D" first="Dinah" last="Qutob">Dinah Qutob</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>N5V 4T3</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rehmany, Anne" sort="Rehmany, Anne" uniqKey="Rehmany A" first="Anne" last="Rehmany">Anne Rehmany</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rougon Cardoso, Alejandra" sort="Rougon Cardoso, Alejandra" uniqKey="Rougon Cardoso A" first="Alejandra" last="Rougon-Cardoso">Alejandra Rougon-Cardoso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryden, Peter" sort="Ryden, Peter" uniqKey="Ryden P" first="Peter" last="Ryden">Peter Ryden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torto Alalibo, Trudy" sort="Torto Alalibo, Trudy" uniqKey="Torto Alalibo T" first="Trudy" last="Torto-Alalibo">Trudy Torto-Alalibo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Studholme, David" sort="Studholme, David" uniqKey="Studholme D" first="David" last="Studholme">David Studholme</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yuanchao" sort="Wang, Yuanchao" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yuanchao" last="Wang">Yuanchao Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing Agricultural University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Win, Joe" sort="Win, Joe" uniqKey="Win J" first="Joe" last="Win">Joe Win</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Jo" sort="Wood, Jo" uniqKey="Wood J" first="Jo" last="Wood">Jo Wood</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clifton, Sandra W" sort="Clifton, Sandra W" uniqKey="Clifton S" first="Sandra W" last="Clifton">Sandra W. Clifton</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rogers, Jane" sort="Rogers, Jane" uniqKey="Rogers J" first="Jane" last="Rogers">Jane Rogers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Ackerveken, Guido" sort="Van Den Ackerveken, Guido" uniqKey="Van Den Ackerveken G" first="Guido" last="Van Den Ackerveken">Guido Van Den Ackerveken</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main)</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region><settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Jonathan D G" sort="Jones, Jonathan D G" uniqKey="Jones J" first="Jonathan D G" last="Jones">Jonathan D G. Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Norwich NR4 7UH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdowell, John M" sort="Mcdowell, John M" uniqKey="Mcdowell J" first="John M" last="Mcdowell">John M. Mcdowell</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beynon, Jim" sort="Beynon, Jim" uniqKey="Beynon J" first="Jim" last="Beynon">Jim Beynon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CV35 9EF</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyler, Brett M" sort="Tyler, Brett M" uniqKey="Tyler B" first="Brett M" last="Tyler">Brett M. Tyler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Science (New York, N.Y.)</title><idno type="eISSN">1095-9203</idno><imprint><date when="2010" type="published">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Physiological (MeSH)</term><term>Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH)</term><term>Arabidopsis (parasitology)</term><term>Enzymes (genetics)</term><term>Evolution, Molecular (MeSH)</term><term>Gene Dosage (MeSH)</term><term>Genes (MeSH)</term><term>Genome (MeSH)</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions (MeSH)</term><term>Metabolic Networks and Pathways (genetics)</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH)</term><term>Oomycetes (genetics)</term><term>Oomycetes (growth & development)</term><term>Oomycetes (pathogenicity)</term><term>Oomycetes (physiology)</term><term>Phytophthora (genetics)</term><term>Plant Diseases (parasitology)</term><term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (MeSH)</term><term>Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Selection, Genetic (MeSH)</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH)</term><term>Spores (physiology)</term><term>Synteny (MeSH)</term><term>Virulence Factors (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adaptation physiologique (MeSH)</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH)</term><term>Arabidopsis (parasitologie)</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH)</term><term>Dosage génique (MeSH)</term><term>Enzymes (génétique)</term><term>Facteurs de virulence (génétique)</term><term>Gènes (MeSH)</term><term>Génome (MeSH)</term><term>Interactions hôte-pathogène (MeSH)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (parasitologie)</term><term>Oomycetes (croissance et développement)</term><term>Oomycetes (génétique)</term><term>Oomycetes (pathogénicité)</term><term>Oomycetes (physiologie)</term><term>Phytophthora (génétique)</term><term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple (MeSH)</term><term>Protéines (génétique)</term><term>Spores (physiologie)</term><term>Synténie (MeSH)</term><term>Sélection génétique (MeSH)</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH)</term><term>Voies et réseaux métaboliques (génétique)</term><term>Évolution moléculaire (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Enzymes</term><term>Proteins</term><term>Virulence Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Oomycetes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Metabolic Networks and Pathways</term><term>Oomycetes</term><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Oomycetes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Enzymes</term><term>Facteurs de virulence</term><term>Oomycetes</term><term>Phytophthora</term><term>Protéines</term><term>Voies et réseaux métaboliques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arabidopsis</term><term>Maladies des plantes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Arabidopsis</term><term>Plant Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Oomycetes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Oomycetes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Oomycetes</term><term>Spores</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Oomycetes</term><term>Spores</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Physiological</term><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term><term>Evolution, Molecular</term><term>Gene Dosage</term><term>Genes</term><term>Genome</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data</term><term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term><term>Selection, Genetic</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term><term>Synteny</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adaptation physiologique</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term><term>Dosage génique</term><term>Gènes</term><term>Génome</term><term>Interactions hôte-pathogène</term><term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term><term>Synténie</term><term>Sélection génétique</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term><term>Évolution moléculaire</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Many oomycete and fungal plant pathogens are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissue and cannot grow apart from their hosts. Although these pathogens cause substantial crop losses, little is known about the molecular basis or evolution of obligate biotrophy. Here, we report the genome sequence of the oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa), an obligate biotroph and natural pathogen of Arabidopsis thaliana. In comparison with genomes of related, hemibiotrophic Phytophthora species, the Hpa genome exhibits dramatic reductions in genes encoding (i) RXLR effectors and other secreted pathogenicity proteins, (ii) enzymes for assimilation of inorganic nitrogen and sulfur, and (iii) proteins associated with zoospore formation and motility. These attributes comprise a genomic signature of evolution toward obligate biotrophy.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">21148394</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2010</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1095-9203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>330</Volume><Issue>6010</Issue><PubDate><Year>2010</Year><Month>Dec</Month><Day>10</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Science (New York, N.Y.)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Science</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Signatures of adaptation to obligate biotrophy in the Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis genome.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1549-1551</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1126/science.1195203</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Many oomycete and fungal plant pathogens are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissue and cannot grow apart from their hosts. Although these pathogens cause substantial crop losses, little is known about the molecular basis or evolution of obligate biotrophy. Here, we report the genome sequence of the oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa), an obligate biotroph and natural pathogen of Arabidopsis thaliana. In comparison with genomes of related, hemibiotrophic Phytophthora species, the Hpa genome exhibits dramatic reductions in genes encoding (i) RXLR effectors and other secreted pathogenicity proteins, (ii) enzymes for assimilation of inorganic nitrogen and sulfur, and (iii) proteins associated with zoospore formation and motility. These attributes comprise a genomic signature of evolution toward obligate biotrophy.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y" EqualContrib="Y"><LastName>Baxter</LastName><ForeName>Laura</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y" EqualContrib="Y"><LastName>Tripathy</LastName><ForeName>Sucheta</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ishaque</LastName><ForeName>Naveed</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boot</LastName><ForeName>Nico</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cabral</LastName><ForeName>Adriana</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98,6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kemen</LastName><ForeName>Eric</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thines</LastName><ForeName>Marco</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ah-Fong</LastName><ForeName>Audrey</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Anderson</LastName><ForeName>Ryan</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Badejoko</LastName><ForeName>Wole</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bittner-Eddy</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boore</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey L</ForeName><Initials>JL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chibucos</LastName><ForeName>Marcus C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coates</LastName><ForeName>Mary</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dehal</LastName><ForeName>Paramvir</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Delehaunty</LastName><ForeName>Kim</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dong</LastName><ForeName>Suomeng</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Downton</LastName><ForeName>Polly</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dumas</LastName><ForeName>Bernard</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fabro</LastName><ForeName>Georgina</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fronick</LastName><ForeName>Catrina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fuerstenberg</LastName><ForeName>Susan I</ForeName><Initials>SI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fulton</LastName><ForeName>Lucinda</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO63110, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gaulin</LastName><ForeName>Elodie</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Govers</LastName><ForeName>Francine</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hughes</LastName><ForeName>Linda</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Humphray</LastName><ForeName>Sean</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Rays H Y</ForeName><Initials>RHY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141-2023, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Judelson</LastName><ForeName>Howard</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kamoun</LastName><ForeName>Sophien</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author 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Tyler</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Boot, Nico" sort="Boot, Nico" uniqKey="Boot N" first="Nico" last="Boot">Nico Boot</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cabral, Adriana" sort="Cabral, Adriana" uniqKey="Cabral A" first="Adriana" last="Cabral">Adriana Cabral</name><name sortKey="Govers, Francine" sort="Govers, Francine" uniqKey="Govers F" first="Francine" last="Govers">Francine Govers</name><name sortKey="Jiang, Rays H Y" sort="Jiang, Rays H Y" uniqKey="Jiang R" first="Rays H Y" last="Jiang">Rays H Y. Jiang</name><name sortKey="Meijer, Harold" sort="Meijer, Harold" uniqKey="Meijer H" first="Harold" last="Meijer">Harold Meijer</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Hesse (Land)"><name sortKey="Thines, Marco" sort="Thines, Marco" uniqKey="Thines M" first="Marco" last="Thines">Marco Thines</name></region><name sortKey="Thines, Marco" sort="Thines, Marco" uniqKey="Thines M" first="Marco" last="Thines">Marco Thines</name><name sortKey="Van Den Ackerveken, Guido" sort="Van Den Ackerveken, Guido" uniqKey="Van Den Ackerveken G" first="Guido" last="Van Den Ackerveken">Guido Van Den Ackerveken</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dong, Suomeng" sort="Dong, Suomeng" uniqKey="Dong S" first="Suomeng" last="Dong">Suomeng Dong</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Qutob, Dinah" sort="Qutob, Dinah" uniqKey="Qutob D" first="Dinah" last="Qutob">Dinah Qutob</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dong, Suomeng" sort="Dong, Suomeng" uniqKey="Dong S" first="Suomeng" last="Dong">Suomeng Dong</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Wang, Yuanchao" sort="Wang, Yuanchao" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yuanchao" last="Wang">Yuanchao Wang</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Occitanie (région administrative)"><name sortKey="Dumas, Bernard" sort="Dumas, Bernard" uniqKey="Dumas B" first="Bernard" last="Dumas">Bernard Dumas</name></region><name sortKey="Dumas, Bernard" sort="Dumas, Bernard" uniqKey="Dumas B" first="Bernard" last="Dumas">Bernard Dumas</name><name sortKey="Gaulin, Elodie" sort="Gaulin, Elodie" uniqKey="Gaulin E" first="Elodie" last="Gaulin">Elodie Gaulin</name><name sortKey="Gaulin, Elodie" sort="Gaulin, Elodie" uniqKey="Gaulin E" first="Elodie" last="Gaulin">Elodie Gaulin</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Signatures of adaptation to obligate biotrophy in the Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis genome.
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